Arthur Koestler [1905 – 1983] made a major impact by shining a light on the need of fair, humane conditions for people in detention. He published harrowing accounts of his own imprisonments at the beginning of WW2 and lobbied against capital punishment, which was still legal in the UK at the time. In 1962, he personally initiated and sponsored the Arthur Koestler Award.
![The Arthur Koestler Story](https://arkbound.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/koestler-368x240.jpg)